有毒 肝炎
Overview
肝脏处理人体摄入的几乎所有东西, 包括化学物质, 药物和酒精. 在某些情况下, 这些物质可能对肝脏造成严重伤害, resulting in toxic hepatitis — a condition that causes inflammation of the liver.
原因
药物
Many medications have the potential to cause liver toxicity and carry a warning on their label to this effect. 在大多数情况下，当问题发生时, 它们是轻微的，只有在血液检查中才明显, and can be resolved by reducing the dose of medication or discontinuing use.
在极少数情况下, 然而, 有些病人对某种药物有特殊的反应, causing massive destruction of liver cells and rapidly developing liver failure. 病人 experiencing a severe idiosyncratic drug reaction must stop taking the drug immediately. They also require an urgent referral to a transplant center for a liver transplant, 这可能会挽救生命.
草药及营养补充品
尽管它们被广泛使用, 一些草药和营养补充剂可能会引起中毒性肝炎. It is important to note that these substances are not subject to the same regulations, 常规药物的测试或批准过程. Studies have shown that some herbs and nutritional supplements are adulterated with steroids or antibiotics.
可能对肝脏有毒的草药包括紫草, 茂密的树丛, 石蚕属植物, 卡瓦胡椒, 缬草, 槲寄生和传统中草药. People with liver disease should not use herbs or nutritional supplements without the approval of their doctor.
酒精
众所周知，酗酒会导致肝损伤, 但饮酒过量的人受伤的程度差别很大. In individuals who are prone to alcohol-related liver injury — possibly due to genetics — heavy drinking can result in acute liver failure, a life-threatening condition that requires hospitalization and intensive care. Other people may develop progressive liver disease from regular, heavy use of alcohol.
The goal of treatment is to eliminate alcohol from the diet and treat the psychological dependence on alcohol. 即使是在…的晚期 肝硬化, liver disease from alcohol may show significant improvement with total abstinence from alcohol.
我们治疗中毒性肝炎的方法
UCSF offers the most advanced diagnostic and treatment options for patients with toxic hepatitis. The first and most important step we will take is to identify and eliminate the substance that's causing the condition. This may be a medication, an herbal or other nutritional supplement, certain chemicals or alcohol. 当酒精引起病人肝脏炎症时, 我们需要解决潜在的物质使用障碍.
中毒性肝炎可导致严重的肝损伤或肝功能衰竭. 在这种情况下，肝移植可能是必要的. Our liver transplant program, designated a center of excellence by the U.S. 卫生与公众服务部, is known for outstanding outcomes and for helping pioneer techniques that have made transplants safer 和更多的 successful. 我们每年做100多例移植手术, 我们的存活率在全国名列前茅.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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全国最好的胃肠病学专家之一 & 胃肠道手术
迹象 & 症状
中毒性肝炎的症状和体征因病因而异. 然而，一些更常见的包括:
- 黄疸，一种导致皮肤和眼睛呈黄色的疾病
- 乏力
- 食欲不振
- 恶心和呕吐
- 头疼
- 腹部疼痛
- 尿色深
- 腹泻
- 白色或粘土色的大便
诊断
中毒性肝炎的诊断, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜会询问你的病史, 包括你的药物的详细信息, use of herbs or other over-the-counter nutritional supplements and alcohol consumption. 你的十大赌博平台排行榜也会为你做全面的身体检查, which can be helpful in determining the presence or absence of significant chronic liver disease.
The following tests may be performed to assess the presence and severity of liver damage:
- 肝功能检查 其中包括 一系列特殊的血液测试 这可以帮助确定肝脏功能是否正常. These tests also can assist in determining the extent and type of liver damage.
- 超声波 An 超声波 uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs and systems within your body. An 超声波 may be performed to generate detailed pictures of your liver.
- 计算机断层扫描(CT) 你的十大赌博平台排行榜也可能建议你服用 计算机断层扫描, also known as a CT scan, to obtain two-dimensional images of your liver. CT is an X-Ray technique that produces more detailed images of your internal organs than conventional X-Ray exams. 这项技术使用x射线传感装置, 哪个绕着你的身体旋转, and a large computer to create cross-sectional images of the inside of your body.
- 肝活组织检查 A 活组织检查 may be performed following blood tests and X-Rays if questions still exist about the nature and severity of your liver problem. During a 活组织检查, a small sample of tissue is removed from your liver using a thin needle. The tissue is prepared and stained in a laboratory for examination under a microscope.
治疗
The first and most important step in treating toxic hepatitis is to identify and eliminate the substance that is causing the problem, 比如药物, 草药或酒精. 在酒精引起肝损伤的情况下, joining a treatment program such as 匿名戒酒互助社 is highly recommended. 酒精ism is a serious addiction and without the proper treatment and support networks, 许多人经历了复发并重新酗酒.
肝移植
紧急的 肝移植 should be considered for patients with life-threatening liver damage caused by a medication, 药草或营养补充品.
终末期患者 肝硬化 可考虑从酒精中提取用于移植. 然而, they are considered candidates for transplantation only if they have been completely abstinent from alcohol and in a treatment program for a minimum of six months.
加州大学旧金山分校健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
